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Case Study
A rare case of adolescent Histiocytic Sarcoma
Submitted: 15 February 2025 | Published: 27 August 2025
About the author(s)
Nadia Beringer, Department of Paediatrics, Faculty of Paediatric Oncology, Wits Donald Gordon Medical Centre, Johannesburg, South AfricaKate G. Bennett, Department of Paediatrics, Faculty of Paediatric Oncology, Wits Donald Gordon Medical Centre, Johannesburg, South Africa
Simon L. Nayler, Department of Anatomical Pathology, Drs Gritzman and Thatcher Inc. Laboratories, Wits Donald Gordon Medical Centre, Johannesburg, South Africa
Himal Sooka, Department of Plastic Surgery, Mediclinic Sandton, Johannesburg, South Africa
Owen Terreblanche, Department of Radiology, Wits Donald Gordon Medical Centre, Johannesburg, South Africa
Doron J.M. Frantzen, Department of Orthopaedics, Life Eugene Marais Hospital, Pretoria, South Africa
Jacques A.L. du Toit, Department of Orthopaedics, Mediclinic Sandton Hospital, Johannesburg, South Africa
Duvern Ramiah, Department of Radiation, Wits Donald Gordon Medical Centre, Johannesburg, South Africa; Division of Radiation Oncology, Faculty of Health Sciences, School of Clinical Medicine, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa; and Department of Radiation Oncology, Netcare Milpark Hospital, Johannesburg, South Africa
Abstract
Histiocytic sarcoma is a rare haematopoietic malignancy with an aggressive nature and poor prognosis. It occurs infrequently in children and adolescents, with only a few cases reported worldwide.
A well 14-year-old male patient presented with a slow-growing mass on his right lateral malleolus. Imaging suggested a benign tumour and an excision biopsy was performed. Morphological examination raised suspicion for a histiocytic neoplasm, which was confirmed by immunohistochemistry (CD68 and CD45 positive, CD1a, CD30 and ALK1 negative). Because of the tumour’s rarity, it was sent for an international confirmatory pathological review.
Contribution: Our patient underwent a wide local resection followed by radiotherapy (50 Gy). No adjuvant chemotherapy was prescribed, and he has remained in remission 2 years following his diagnosis.
Keywords
Sustainable Development Goal
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